roundcube-defense/defense.php

<?php
/*
 *  This file is part of the Roundcube plugin: roundcube-defense.
 *
 *  @author Steve Allison <roundcube-defense@nooblet.org>
 *
 *  roundcube-defense is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  roundcube-defense is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with roundcube-defense.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
class defense extends rcube_plugin {
    
    // Roundcube parent class
    private $rc;
    
    // Config variables
    private $whitelist, $blacklist, $fail_max,
        $fail_reset, $ban_period, $repeat_multiplier,
        $repeat_reset, $db_table, $db_expire, $log_pwd;
    
    // Remote client IP address
    private $ipaddr;
    
    // Previous ban data
    private $prevBan;
    
    // Debug log
    private $logfile = 'defense.log';
    private $debugEnabled;
    
  /**
    * Output text to log file: $this->logfile
    *
    * @param string
    *       text for log
    */
    private function debug($string) {
        if (!$this->debugEnabled) { return; }
        write_log($this->logfile, $this->ipaddr . " # " . $string);
    }
  /**
    * Check if IP is matched against all IPs in array,
    * including CIDR matches
    *
    * @param string
    *       ip address
    * @param array
    *       ip/cidr addresses to match against
    * @return bool
    */
    private function isIPinArray($ip, $array) {
        foreach ($array as $value) {
            // If no slash '/' then its not a CIDR address and we can just string match
            if ((strpos($value, '/') === false) && (strcmp($ip, $value) == 0)) { return true; }
            if (($this->isIPv6($ip)) && (!$this->isIPv6($value))) { return false; }
            if (($this->isIPv4($value)) && (!$this->isIPv4($ip))) { return false; }
            if (($this->isIPv4($ip) && ($this->isIPv4inCIDR($ip, $value)))) { return true; }
            if (($this->isIPv6($ip) && ($this->isIPv6inCIDR($ip, $value)))) { return true; }
        }
        return false;
    }
  /**
    * Check if IPv4 is within stated CIDR address
    *
    * @param string
    *       ip address
    * @param string
    *       cidr address
    * @return bool
    */
    private function isIPv4inCIDR($ip, $cidr) {
        list($subnet, $mask) = explode('/', $cidr);
        return ((ip2long($ip) & ~((1 << (32 - $mask)) - 1) ) == ip2long($subnet));
    }
  /**
    * Convert IPv6 mask to bytearray
    *
    * @param string
    *       subnet mask
    * @return string
    */
    private function IPv6MaskToByteArray($subnetMask) {
        $addr = str_repeat("f", $subnetMask / 4);
        switch ($subnetMask % 4) {
            case 0:
                break;
            case 1:
                $addr .= "8";
                break;
            case 2:
                $addr .= "c";
                break;
            case 3:
                $addr .= "e";
                break;
        }
        $addr = str_pad($addr, 32, '0');
        $addr = pack("H*" , $addr);
        return $addr;
    }
  /**
    * Check if IPv6 is within stated CIDR address
    *
    * @param string
    *       subnet mask
    * @return bool
    */
    private function isIPv6inCIDR($ip, $cidr) {
        list($subnet, $mask) = explode('/', $cidr);
        $binMask = $this->IPv6MaskToByteArray($mask);
        return ($ip & $binMask) == $subnet;
    }
  /**
    * Check string if it is IPv6
    *
    * @param string
    *       ip address
    * @return bool
    */
    private function isIPv6($ip) {
        return (((!preg_match('/^[\.\/:0-9a-f]+$/', strtolower($ip))) || (substr_count($ip, ':') < 2)) ? true : false);
    }
  /**
    * Check string if it is IPv4
    *
    * @param string
    *       ip address
    * @return bool
    */
    private function isIPv4($ip) {
        return ((preg_match('/^([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}(\/[0-9]{1,2})?$/', $ip)) ? true : false);
    }
  /**
    * Write to log stating database error
    *
    */
    private function dbError() {
        // I can't seem to try/catch database entries so I have no details regarding error
        $string = "Error communicating with database.";
        $this->debug($string);
        write_log('error', 'plugin::defense: ' . $string);
    }
  /**
    * Return true if IP matches config whitelist
    *
    * @param string
    *       ip address
    * @return bool
    */
    private function isWhitelisted($ip) {
        $this->whitelist = $this->rc->config->get('defense_whitelist', array('127.0.0.1'));
        // If IP is listed in whitelist, return true
        if ($this->isIPinArray($this->ipaddr, $this->whitelist)) {
            $this->debug("whitelisted");
            return $true;
        }
        return false;
    }
  /**
    * Return true if IP matches config blacklist
    *
    * @param string
    *       ip address
    * @return bool
    */
    private function isBlacklisted($ip) {
        $this->blacklist = $this->rc->config->get('defense_blacklist', array());
        // If IP is listed in blacklist, return true
        if ($this->isIPinArray($this->ipaddr, $this->blacklist)) {
            $this->debug("blacklisted");
            return $true;
        }
        return false;
    }
  /**
    * Send forbidden (403) HTTP status header and quit
    *
    */
    private function sendForbiddenHeader() {
        if (headers_sent()) { return; } // Already sent, can't do this now
        header('HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden');
        die();
    }
  /**
    * Fetch and return last ban for $ip
    *
    * @param string
    *       ip address
    * @return mixed
    *       Return array with record matched, or bool(false) if no match
    */
    private function getPreviousBanData($ip) {
        // Use cached data if available.
        if ($this->prevBan) { return $this->prevBan; }
        $query = sprintf("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE ipaddr = '%s' AND type = %d ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 1", $this->db_table, $ip, 1);
        $result = $this->rc->db->query($query);
        if (!$result) { $this->dbError($query); return false; }
        $this->debug($query . " [" . $result->rowCount() . "]");
        if ($result->rowCount() > 0) {
            // Set data to cache variable
            $this->prevBan = $result->fetch();
        }
        return $this->prevBan;
    }
    
  /**
    * Convert seconds to human readable duration
    *
    * @param int
    *       duration in seconds
    * @return string
    *       human readable duration, ie: 3d7h13m25s
    */
    private function secs2hr($secs) {
        $s = $secs%60; $m = floor(($secs%3600)/60); $h = floor(($secs%86400)/3600); $d = floor(($secs%604800)/86400); $w = floor(($secs%31449600)/604800); $y = floor($secs/31449600);
        return (($y > 0) ? $y . "y" : "") . (($w > 0) ? $w . "w" : "") . (($d > 0) ? $d . "d" : "") . (($h > 0) ? $h . "h" : "") . (($m > 0) ? $m . "m" : "") . (($s > 0) ? $s . "s" : "");
    }
    
    
  /**
    * Constructor, initialization
    *
    */
    public function init() {
    
        // create parent class
        $this->rc = rcube::get_instance();
        
        // load configuration
        $this->load_config();
        
        // Set localization (only for login pages)
        $this->add_texts('localization/', $this->rc->task == 'login');
        
        // set config variables, set defaults
        $this->db_table = $this->rc->config->get('defense_db_table', 'defense');
        
        $this->fail_max = $this->rc->config->get('defense_fail_max', 5);
        $this->fail_reset = $this->rc->config->get('defense_fail_reset', 600);
        $this->ban_period = $this->rc->config->get('defense_ban_period', 120);
        $this->ban_httpstatus = $this->rc->config->get('defense_ban_httpstatus', false);
        $this->repeat_multiplier = $this->rc->config->get('defense_repeat_multiplier', 4);
        $this->repeat_reset = $this->rc->config->get('defense_repeat_reset', 86400);

        $this->db_expire = $this->rc->config->get('defense_db_expire', 40);
        $this->log_pwd = $this->rc->config->get('defense_log_pwd', false);
        
        $this->debugEnabled = $this->rc->config->get('defense_debug_enabled', false);
        
        // set client ip
        $this->ipaddr = rcmail_remote_ip();
        
        // Roundcube event hooks
        $this->add_hook('template_object_loginform', array($this, 'hookLoginForm'));
        $this->add_hook('authenticate', array($this, 'hookAuthenticate'));
        $this->add_hook('login_failed', array($this, 'hookLoginFailed'));
        
    }
    
  /**
    * Hooked function: template_login_form(string)
    *       http://trac.roundcube.net/wiki/Plugin_Hooks#TemplateHooks
    *
    * Process whitelist and blacklist
    *
    * @param string
    *       Login form HTML content
    * @return string
    *       Login form HTML content
    */
    public function hookLoginForm($content) {
        // If IP is listed in whitelist, return unmodified $content
        if ($this->isWhitelisted($this->ipaddr)) {
            return $content;
        }
        
        // If IP is listed in blacklist, deny access
        if ($this->isBlacklisted($this->ipaddr)) {
            header('HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden');
            die();
        }
        
        if (($this->ban_httpstatus) && ($this->isBanned($this->ipaddr))) {
            $this->debug("IP already banned");
            $this->sendForbiddenHeader();
        }  
        
        $this->debug("Sending login form.");
        return $content;
    }
    
    private function isBanned($ip) {
        $row = $this->getPreviousBanData($ip);
        if ($row) {
            $data = unserialize($row['data']);
            $duration = $data['duration'];
            $timeleft = (($duration + $row['epoch']) - time());
            if ($timeleft > 0) { return $timeleft; }
        }
        return false;
    }
    
  /**
    * Hooked function: login_failed(array)
    *       http://trac.roundcube.net/wiki/Plugin_Hooks#login_failed
    *
    * Log event to database
    *
    * @param array
    *       [code, host, user, abort]
    * 
    */
    public function hookLoginFailed($args) {
        $this->debug("hookLoginFailed");
        // Log failed login attempt
        $data = array('user' => $args['user']);
        $query = sprintf("INSERT INTO %s (epoch, type, ipaddr, data) VALUES (%d, %d, '%s', '%s')", $this->db_table, time(), 0, $this->ipaddr, serialize($data));
        $result = $this->rc->db->query($query);
        if (!$result) { $this->dbError($query); return; }
        $this->debug($query . " [" . $result->rowCount() . "]");

        // Check if banned now that above record has been updated
        $rTime = (time() - $this->fail_reset); // How far to look back for failed logins
        // Check if last ban lifted was within rTime
        $row = $this->getPreviousBanData($this->ipaddr);
        if ($row) {
            $data = unserialize($row['data']);
            $banLifted = $row['epoch'] + $data['duration'];
            if ($rTime < $banLifted) {
                // If IP was unbanned recently, only check since it was unbanned
                $rTime = $banLifted;
            }
        }
        $query = sprintf("SELECT count(*) AS n FROM %s WHERE ipaddr = '%s' AND epoch >= %d", $this->db_table, $this->ipaddr, $rTime);
        $result = $this->rc->db->query($query);
        if (!$result) { $this->dbError($query); return false; }
        $this->debug($query . " [" . $result->rowCount() . "]");
        $row = $result->fetch();
        if (!$row) { $this->debug("Warning, SQL result empty: $query"); return false; } // No rows? Strange, abort.
        $this->debug("Found " . $row['n'] . " failed attempts in last " . (time() - $rTime) . "s");
        if (($row['n'] >= $this->fail_max)) {
            $this->debug("IP banned.");
            // This IP is now banned
            $repeat = 0;
            
            $row = $this->getPreviousBanData($this->ipaddr);
            if ($row) {
                // IP has been banned before, check if its a recent repeat offender
                $data = unserialize($row['data']);
                $this->debug("Previous ban data: " . $row['data']);
                // Classed as a repeat offender if IP is banned again after the previous ban duration
                // multiplied by <repeat_multiplier>
                $bTime = (($data['duration'] * $this->repeat_multiplier) + $row['epoch']); // Multiply previous bantime by multiplier
                if (time() <= ($bTime > $this->repeat_reset ? $bTime : $this->repeat_reset)) {
                        // Repeat offender, increase repeat
                        $repeat = $data['repeat'] +1;
                        $this->debug("Repeat offender. Repeat set to " . $repeat);
                }
            }
            $duration = ($this->ban_period * ($repeat > 0 ? pow($this->repeat_multiplier,$repeat) : 1));
            $data = array(
                'duration' => $duration, // Ban duration based on history
                'repeat' => $repeat
              );
            $query = sprintf("INSERT INTO %s (epoch, type, ipaddr, data) VALUES (%d, %d, '%s', '%s')", $this->db_table, time(), 1, $this->ipaddr, serialize($data));
            $result = $this->rc->db->query($query, time(), 1, $this->ipaddr, serialize($data));
            if (!$result) { $this->dbError($query); return; }
            $this->debug($query . " [" . $result->rowCount() . "]");
            return $args;
        }
  
    }
    
  /**
    * Hooked function: authenticate(array)
    *       http://trac.roundcube.net/wiki/Plugin_Hooks#authenticate
    *
    * Login attempt intercepted if IP is banned.
    *
    * @param array
    *       [host, user, cookiecheck, valid]
    * @return array
    */
    public function hookAuthenticate($args) {
        // Check whitelist/blacklist again, in case login form was bypassed somehow
        
        // If IP is listed in whitelist, return unmodified $args
        if ($this->isWhitelisted($this->ipaddr)) {
            return $args;
        }
        
        // If IP is listed in blacklist, deny access
        if ($this->isBlacklisted($this->ipaddr)) {
            $this->sendForbiddenHeader();
        }
        
        $isBanned = $this->isBanned($this->ipaddr);
        if ($isBanned) {
            if ($this->ban_httpstatus) { $this->sendForbiddenHeader(); }
            $this->rc->output->show_message(sprintf($this->gettext('ipbanned'), $this->secs2hr($isBanned)), 'error');
            $this->rc->output->set_env('task', 'login');
            $this->rc->output->send('login');
            die();
        }
        $this->debug("Login form submitted, username: " . $args['user']);
        return $args;
    }
    
}
 
 
 
?>